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      Individual_Name: 
        Carrie V. Kappel
      Organisation_Name: 
        National Center for Ecological Analysis and Synthesis (NCEAS)
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      Citation: 
        Citation: 
          Title: 
            Commercial Line Fishing Estimated Average Annual Catch of Reef 
            Fish, 2003-2013 - Hawaii
          Date: 
            Date: 
              Date: 
                Date: 
                  2017-04-18
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                Date_Type_Code: 
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            Date: 
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                Date: 
                  2017-04-18
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              Date: 
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              Individual_Name: 
                Carrie V. Kappel
              Organisation_Name: 
                National Center for Ecological Analysis and Synthesis (NCEAS)
              Contact_Information: 
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                  Address: 
                    Address: 
                      Electronic_Mail_Address: 
                        kappel@nceas.ucsb.edu
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            Related publications: Wedding LM, Lecky J, Gove JM, Walecka HR, 
            Donovan MK, et al. (2018) Advancing the integration of spatial 
            data to map human and natural drivers on coral reefs. PLOS ONE 
            13(3): e0189792. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0189792; 
            McCoy KS, Williams ID, Friedlander AM, Ma H, Teneva L, Kittinger 
            JN (2018) Estimating nearshore coral reef-associated fisheries 
            production from the main Hawaiian Islands. PLoS ONE 13(4): 
            e0195840. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0195840.
      Abstract: 
        Nearshore fisheries in the Main Hawaiian Islands encompass a diverse 
        group of fishers using a wide array of gears and targeting many 
        different species. Communities in Hawaii often rely on these fisheries 
        for economic, social, and cultural services. However, the stress from 
        overfishing can cause ecosystem degradation and long-term economic 
        loss. This layer represents the average annual commercial catch of 
        reef fish by line fishing over the years 2003-2013 as reported in 
        commercial catch data collected by the State of Hawaii Department of 
        Aquatic Resources (DAR) Commercial Marine Landings Database (CML). 
        "Line fishing" is a fairly broad category that can include casting, 
        trolling, hand line, short line, and others. These gears were grouped 
        together for consistency with non-commercial catch estimates from 
        McCoy et al. (2018). Commercial catch is reported to DAR in large 
        irregular reporting blocks by gear and by species.
        
        This layer's spatial footprint aligns with the inshore commercial 
        reporting blocks from the shapefile served on the Hawaii Statewide GIS 
        Program website (Fishchart2008.shp) 
        (http://planning.hawaii.gov/gis/download-gis-data/). Data are filtered 
        by DAR before release such that reporting blocks with less than three 
        fishers reporting are excluded in order to protect fisher identities. 
        It is not possible to explicitly distinguish between boat-based and 
        shore-based fishing based on the gear types reported in CML data. The 
        Ocean Tipping Points (OTP) project filtered the data for line fishing 
        and reef fish species only and calculated average annual catch in 
        kilograms by reporting block to match with data from the Marine 
        Recreational Information Program (MRIP). In marine protected areas 
        (MPAs) where boat-based fishing is not allowed, catch was set to zero; 
        and inside de facto MPAs with restricted access, catch was reduced 
        according to expert input and local knowledge. Average annual 
        commercial catch data were converted from polygon to raster and then 
        divided by the number of 100-m raster cells within each reporting 
        block so that units are comparable to non-commercial fishing layers 
        (kg/ha). The result assumes commercial catch is evenly distributed 
        spatially across each reporting block.
      Purpose: 
        This layer was developed as part of a geospatial database of key 
        anthropogenic pressures to coastal waters of the Main Hawaiian Islands 
        for the Ocean Tipping Points (OTP) project 
        (http://oceantippingpoints.org). Ocean tipping points occur when 
        shifts in human use or environmental conditions result in large, and 
        sometimes abrupt, impacts to marine ecosystems. The ability to predict 
        and understand ocean tipping points can enhance ecosystem management, 
        including critical coral reef management and policies to protect 
        ecosystem services produced by coral reefs. The goal of the Ocean 
        Tipping Points Hawaii case study was to gather, process, and map 
        spatial information on environmental and human-based drivers of coral 
        reef ecosystem conditions.
      Credit: 
        The Ocean Tipping Points project, 2016. Please acknowledge the Ocean 
        Tipping Points project as a source when these data are used in the 
        preparation of reports, papers, publications, maps, and other 
        products. When applying these data for publication, please reference 
        and cite the following journal article: Wedding LM, Lecky J, Gove JM, 
        Walecka HR, Donovan MK, et al. (2018) Advancing the integration of 
        spatial data to map human and natural drivers on coral reefs. PLOS ONE 
        13(3): e0189792. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0189792.
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          Individual_Name: 
            Carrie V. Kappel
          Organisation_Name: 
            National Center for Ecological Analysis and Synthesis (NCEAS)
          Contact_Information: 
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              Address: 
                Address: 
                  Electronic_Mail_Address: 
                    kappel@nceas.ucsb.edu
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      Descriptive_Keywords: 
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            Earth Science > Agriculture > Agricultural Aquatic Sciences > 
            Fisheries
          Keyword: 
            Earth Science > Biosphere > Aquatic Ecosystems > Reef Habitat
          Keyword: 
            Earth Science > Biosphere > Ecosystems > Marine Ecosystems > Reef 
            > Coral Reef
          Keyword: 
            Earth Science > Human Dimensions > Environmental Impacts
          Keyword: 
            Earth Science > Human Dimensions > Human Settlements > Coastal Areas
          Keyword: 
            Earth Science > Human Dimensions > Sustainability > Environmental 
            Sustainability
          Keyword: 
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          Keyword: 
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          Keyword: 
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      Resource_Constraints: 
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            Please contact the Ocean Tipping Points (OTP) project in advance 
            of applying these data to project work so that the principal 
            investigator, Carrie Kappel (kappel@nceas.ucsb.edu), can track and 
            communicate data uses and ensure no duplicate efforts are 
            underway. The data may be used and redistributed for free but is 
            not intended for legal use, since it may contain inaccuracies. 
            Neither the data Contributor, University of Hawaii, PacIOOS, NOAA, 
            State of Hawaii nor the United States Government, nor any of their 
            employees or contractors, makes any warranty, express or implied, 
            including warranties of merchantability and fitness for a 
            particular purpose, or assumes any legal liability for the 
            accuracy, completeness, or usefulness, of this information.
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      Language: 
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      Topic_Category: 
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      Topic_Category: 
        Topic_Category_Code: 
          environment
      Topic_Category: 
        Topic_Category_Code: 
          farming
      Topic_Category: 
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      Topic_Category: 
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          Title: 
            Commercial Line Fishing Estimated Average Annual Catch of Reef 
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          Date: 
            Date: 
              Date: 
                Date: 
                  2017-04-18
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                Date_Type_Code: 
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            Date: 
              Date: 
                Date: 
                  2017-04-18
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                Date: 
                  2017-04-18
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                Carrie V. Kappel
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                National Center for Ecological Analysis and Synthesis (NCEAS)
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                    Address: 
                      Electronic_Mail_Address: 
                        kappel@nceas.ucsb.edu
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      Abstract: 
        Nearshore fisheries in the Main Hawaiian Islands encompass a diverse 
        group of fishers using a wide array of gears and targeting many 
        different species. Communities in Hawaii often rely on these fisheries 
        for economic, social, and cultural services. However, the stress from 
        overfishing can cause ecosystem degradation and long-term economic 
        loss. This layer represents the average annual commercial catch of 
        reef fish by line fishing over the years 2003-2013 as reported in 
        commercial catch data collected by the State of Hawaii Department of 
        Aquatic Resources (DAR) Commercial Marine Landings Database (CML). 
        "Line fishing" is a fairly broad category that can include casting, 
        trolling, hand line, short line, and others. These gears were grouped 
        together for consistency with non-commercial catch estimates from 
        McCoy et al. (2018). Commercial catch is reported to DAR in large 
        irregular reporting blocks by gear and by species.
        
        This layer's spatial footprint aligns with the inshore commercial 
        reporting blocks from the shapefile served on the Hawaii Statewide GIS 
        Program website (Fishchart2008.shp) 
        (http://planning.hawaii.gov/gis/download-gis-data/). Data are filtered 
        by DAR before release such that reporting blocks with less than three 
        fishers reporting are excluded in order to protect fisher identities. 
        It is not possible to explicitly distinguish between boat-based and 
        shore-based fishing based on the gear types reported in CML data. The 
        Ocean Tipping Points (OTP) project filtered the data for line fishing 
        and reef fish species only and calculated average annual catch in 
        kilograms by reporting block to match with data from the Marine 
        Recreational Information Program (MRIP). In marine protected areas 
        (MPAs) where boat-based fishing is not allowed, catch was set to zero; 
        and inside de facto MPAs with restricted access, catch was reduced 
        according to expert input and local knowledge. Average annual 
        commercial catch data were converted from polygon to raster and then 
        divided by the number of 100-m raster cells within each reporting 
        block so that units are comparable to non-commercial fishing layers 
        (kg/ha). The result assumes commercial catch is evenly distributed 
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      Citation: 
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          Title: 
            Commercial Line Fishing Estimated Average Annual Catch of Reef 
            Fish, 2003-2013 - Hawaii
          Date: 
            Date: 
              Date: 
                Date: 
                  2017-04-18
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                National Center for Ecological Analysis and Synthesis (NCEAS)
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                  Address: 
                    Address: 
                      Electronic_Mail_Address: 
                        kappel@nceas.ucsb.edu
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      Abstract: 
        Nearshore fisheries in the Main Hawaiian Islands encompass a diverse 
        group of fishers using a wide array of gears and targeting many 
        different species. Communities in Hawaii often rely on these fisheries 
        for economic, social, and cultural services. However, the stress from 
        overfishing can cause ecosystem degradation and long-term economic 
        loss. This layer represents the average annual commercial catch of 
        reef fish by line fishing over the years 2003-2013 as reported in 
        commercial catch data collected by the State of Hawaii Department of 
        Aquatic Resources (DAR) Commercial Marine Landings Database (CML). 
        "Line fishing" is a fairly broad category that can include casting, 
        trolling, hand line, short line, and others. These gears were grouped 
        together for consistency with non-commercial catch estimates from 
        McCoy et al. (2018). Commercial catch is reported to DAR in large 
        irregular reporting blocks by gear and by species.
        
        This layer's spatial footprint aligns with the inshore commercial 
        reporting blocks from the shapefile served on the Hawaii Statewide GIS 
        Program website (Fishchart2008.shp) 
        (http://planning.hawaii.gov/gis/download-gis-data/). Data are filtered 
        by DAR before release such that reporting blocks with less than three 
        fishers reporting are excluded in order to protect fisher identities. 
        It is not possible to explicitly distinguish between boat-based and 
        shore-based fishing based on the gear types reported in CML data. The 
        Ocean Tipping Points (OTP) project filtered the data for line fishing 
        and reef fish species only and calculated average annual catch in 
        kilograms by reporting block to match with data from the Marine 
        Recreational Information Program (MRIP). In marine protected areas 
        (MPAs) where boat-based fishing is not allowed, catch was set to zero; 
        and inside de facto MPAs with restricted access, catch was reduced 
        according to expert input and local knowledge. Average annual 
        commercial catch data were converted from polygon to raster and then 
        divided by the number of 100-m raster cells within each reporting 
        block so that units are comparable to non-commercial fishing layers 
        (kg/ha). The result assumes commercial catch is evenly distributed 
        spatially across each reporting block.
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          Title: 
            Commercial Line Fishing Estimated Average Annual Catch of Reef 
            Fish, 2003-2013 - Hawaii
          Date: 
            Date: 
              Date: 
                Date: 
                  2017-04-18
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            Date: 
              Date: 
                Date: 
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      Abstract: 
        Nearshore fisheries in the Main Hawaiian Islands encompass a diverse 
        group of fishers using a wide array of gears and targeting many 
        different species. Communities in Hawaii often rely on these fisheries 
        for economic, social, and cultural services. However, the stress from 
        overfishing can cause ecosystem degradation and long-term economic 
        loss. This layer represents the average annual commercial catch of 
        reef fish by line fishing over the years 2003-2013 as reported in 
        commercial catch data collected by the State of Hawaii Department of 
        Aquatic Resources (DAR) Commercial Marine Landings Database (CML). 
        "Line fishing" is a fairly broad category that can include casting, 
        trolling, hand line, short line, and others. These gears were grouped 
        together for consistency with non-commercial catch estimates from 
        McCoy et al. (2018). Commercial catch is reported to DAR in large 
        irregular reporting blocks by gear and by species.
        
        This layer's spatial footprint aligns with the inshore commercial 
        reporting blocks from the shapefile served on the Hawaii Statewide GIS 
        Program website (Fishchart2008.shp) 
        (http://planning.hawaii.gov/gis/download-gis-data/). Data are filtered 
        by DAR before release such that reporting blocks with less than three 
        fishers reporting are excluded in order to protect fisher identities. 
        It is not possible to explicitly distinguish between boat-based and 
        shore-based fishing based on the gear types reported in CML data. The 
        Ocean Tipping Points (OTP) project filtered the data for line fishing 
        and reef fish species only and calculated average annual catch in 
        kilograms by reporting block to match with data from the Marine 
        Recreational Information Program (MRIP). In marine protected areas 
        (MPAs) where boat-based fishing is not allowed, catch was set to zero; 
        and inside de facto MPAs with restricted access, catch was reduced 
        according to expert input and local knowledge. Average annual 
        commercial catch data were converted from polygon to raster and then 
        divided by the number of 100-m raster cells within each reporting 
        block so that units are comparable to non-commercial fishing layers 
        (kg/ha). The result assumes commercial catch is evenly distributed 
        spatially across each reporting block.
      Service_Type: 
        Local_Name: 
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      Extent: 
        Extent: 
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            Geographic_Bounding_Box: 
              Extent_Type_Code: 
                Boolean: 
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              West_Bound_Longitude: 
                Decimal: 
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              East_Bound_Longitude: 
                Decimal: 
                  -154.24231813047925
              South_Bound_Latitude: 
                Decimal: 
                  18.50382548747189
              North_Bound_Latitude: 
                Decimal: 
                  22.589967639692087
      Coupling_Type: 
        Coupling_Type: 
          tight
      Contains_Operations: 
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          Distributed_Computing_Platforms: 
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              Protocol: 
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              Name: 
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                Open Geospatial Consortium Web Map Service - Cached (WMS-C). 
                Use of WMS-C is similar to traditional WMS but with the 
                addition of the "tiled=true" parameter, which triggers 
                GeoServer to pull map tiles from GeoWebCache if they have been 
                previously generated. This can dramatically improve 
                performance, especially for larger datasets. Supported map 
                formats include JPEG and PNG. Supported info formats include 
                GeoJSON, GML, HTML, and plain text.
              Function: 
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                  download
      Operates_On: 
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      Distributor: 
        Distributor: 
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              Organisation_Name: 
                Pacific Islands Ocean Observing System (PacIOOS)
              Contact_Information: 
                Contact: 
                  Address: 
                    Address: 
                      Electronic_Mail_Address: 
                        info@pacioos.org
                  Online_Resource: 
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                          http://pacioos.org
                      Protocol: 
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                      Application_Profile: 
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                      Function: 
                        OnLine_Function_Code: 
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              Role: 
                Role_Code: 
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          Distributor_Transfer_Options: 
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                  Protocol: 
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                  Name: 
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                  Description: 
                    This URL provides access to this dataset via GeoServer, 
                    including multiple output formats and an OpenLayers viewer.
                  Function: 
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          Distributor_Transfer_Options: 
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                  Protocol: 
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                  Name: 
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                  Description: 
                    This URL provides a viewer for this dataset.
                  Function: 
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          Distributor_Transfer_Options: 
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                  Protocol: 
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                  Name: 
                    PacIOOS Ocean Tipping Points (OTP) Data Viewer
                  Description: 
                    This URL provides a viewer and/or data access for this 
                    dataset.
                  Function: 
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  Data_Quality_Information: 
    Data_Quality: 
      Scope: 
        Scope: 
          Hierarchy_Level: 
            Scope_Code: 
              dataset
      Lineage: 
        Lineage: 
          Statement: 
            2017-04-18T00:00:00Z OGC web services (WMS and WFS) enabled by 
            PacIOOS via GeoServer. Original data from source provider may have 
            been reformatted, reprojected, or adjusted in other ways to 
            optimize these capabilities.
  Metadata_Maintenance: 
    Maintenance_Information: 
      Maintenance_And_Update_Frequency: 
      Maintenance_Note: 
        This record was translated and enhanced from GeoServer OGC Web 
        Services (OWS) using PacIOOS software.