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          Title: 
            Multi-Hazard Inundation With 1-m Sea Level Rise: Honolulu, Hawaii
          Date: 
            Date: 
              Date: 
                Date: 
                  2014-09-26
              Date_Type: 
                Date_Type_Code: 
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            Date: 
              Date: 
                Date: 
                  2014-09-26
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                Date_Type_Code: 
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            Date: 
              Date: 
                Date: 
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              Individual_Name: 
                Kwok Fai Cheung
              Organisation_Name: 
                University of Hawaii at Manoa
              Contact_Information: 
                Contact: 
                  Address: 
                    Address: 
                      Electronic_Mail_Address: 
                        cheung@hawaii.edu
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      Abstract: 
        Multi-hazard inundation around Honolulu, Hawaii resulting from future 
        sea level rise. The study area includes the urban corridor stretching 
        from Honolulu International Airport to Waikiki and Diamond Head along 
        the south shore of Oahu. Shows inundation from the following three 
        hazards:
        
        1) Sea Level Rise Inundation: 1-m Scenario
        
        Coastal flooding due to 1 meter of sea level rise. This scenario was 
        derived using a National Geospatial Agency (NGA)-provided digital 
        elevation model (DEM) based on LiDAR data of the Honolulu area 
        collected in 2009. This "bare earth" DEM (vegetation and structures 
        removed) was used to represent the current topography of the study 
        area. The accuracy of the DEM was validated using a selection of 16 
        Tidal Benchmarks located within the study area. The single value tidal 
        water surface of mean higher high water (MHHW) modeled at the Honolulu 
        tide gauge was used to represent sea level for the purposes of this 
        study. Water levels are shown as they would appear during the highest 
        high tides (excluding wind-driven tides).
        
        2) Tsunami Run-Up Inundation With 1-m Sea Level Rise
        
        Computer model simulation of tsunami run-up inundation including one 
        meter of sea level rise at mean higher high water (MHHW) as its 
        baseline water level. The model simulates maximum inundation based on 
        five major historical tsunamis that have impacted Hawaii: 1) The 1946 
        Aleutian earthquake (8.2 Mw), 2) 1952 Kamchatka earthquake (9.0 Mw), 
        3) 1957 Aleutian earthquake (8.6 Mw), 4) 1960 Chile earthquake (9.5 
        Mw), and 5) the 1964 Alaska earthquake (9.2 Mw).
        
        3) Hurricane Storm Surge Inundation With 1-m Sea Level Rise
        
        Computer model simulation of hurricane storm surge inundation 
        including one meter of sea level rise at mean higher high water (MHHW) 
        as its baseline water level. The model simulates a Category 4 
        hurricane, similar to Hurricane Iniki which devastated the island of 
        Kauai in 1992, with a central pressure ranging from 910 to 970 mbar 
        and maximum sustained winds ranging from 90 to 150 mph as it tracked 
        from open ocean to land to open ocean again. The model result shows 
        the Maximum of the Maximum Envelope of High Water (MEOW), or MOM, 
        providing a worst-case snapshot for a particular storm category under 
        "perfect" storm conditions.
        
        Data produced in 2014 by Dr. Charles "Chip" Fletcher of the department 
        of Geology & Geophysics (G&G) (1) and Dr. Kwok Fai Cheung of the 
        department of Ocean and Resources Engineering (ORE) (2 & 3) in the 
        School of Ocean and Earth Science and Technology (SOEST) of the 
        University of Hawaii at Manoa. Supported in part by the NOAA Coastal 
        Storms Program (CSP) and the University of Hawaii Sea Grant College 
        Program. These data do not consider future changes in coastal 
        geomorphology and natural processes such as erosion, subsidence, or 
        future construction. These data do not specify timing of inundation 
        depths and are not appropriate for conducting detailed spatial 
        analysis. The entire risk associated with the results and performance 
        of these data is assumed by the user. These data should be used 
        strictly as a planning reference and not for navigation, permitting, 
        or other legal purposes.
      Purpose: 
        PacIOOS provides timely, reliable, and accurate ocean information to 
        support a safe, clean, productive ocean and resilient coastal zone in 
        the U.S. Pacific Islands region.
      Credit: 
        The Pacific Islands Ocean Observing System (PacIOOS) is funded through 
        the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) as a 
        Regional Association within the U.S. Integrated Ocean Observing System 
        (IOOS). PacIOOS is coordinated by the University of Hawaii School of 
        Ocean and Earth Science and Technology (SOEST).
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            Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Phenomena > Hurricanes
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            > Sea Level Rise > Inundation
          Keyword: 
            Earth Science > Human Dimensions > Natural Hazards > Tropical 
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            the data Contributor, University of Hawaii, PacIOOS, NOAA, State 
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            employees or contractors, makes any warranty, express or implied, 
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      Abstract: 
        Multi-hazard inundation around Honolulu, Hawaii resulting from future 
        sea level rise. The study area includes the urban corridor stretching 
        from Honolulu International Airport to Waikiki and Diamond Head along 
        the south shore of Oahu. Shows inundation from the following three 
        hazards:
        
        1) Sea Level Rise Inundation: 1-m Scenario
        
        Coastal flooding due to 1 meter of sea level rise. This scenario was 
        derived using a National Geospatial Agency (NGA)-provided digital 
        elevation model (DEM) based on LiDAR data of the Honolulu area 
        collected in 2009. This "bare earth" DEM (vegetation and structures 
        removed) was used to represent the current topography of the study 
        area. The accuracy of the DEM was validated using a selection of 16 
        Tidal Benchmarks located within the study area. The single value tidal 
        water surface of mean higher high water (MHHW) modeled at the Honolulu 
        tide gauge was used to represent sea level for the purposes of this 
        study. Water levels are shown as they would appear during the highest 
        high tides (excluding wind-driven tides).
        
        2) Tsunami Run-Up Inundation With 1-m Sea Level Rise
        
        Computer model simulation of tsunami run-up inundation including one 
        meter of sea level rise at mean higher high water (MHHW) as its 
        baseline water level. The model simulates maximum inundation based on 
        five major historical tsunamis that have impacted Hawaii: 1) The 1946 
        Aleutian earthquake (8.2 Mw), 2) 1952 Kamchatka earthquake (9.0 Mw), 
        3) 1957 Aleutian earthquake (8.6 Mw), 4) 1960 Chile earthquake (9.5 
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        3) Hurricane Storm Surge Inundation With 1-m Sea Level Rise
        
        Computer model simulation of hurricane storm surge inundation 
        including one meter of sea level rise at mean higher high water (MHHW) 
        as its baseline water level. The model simulates a Category 4 
        hurricane, similar to Hurricane Iniki which devastated the island of 
        Kauai in 1992, with a central pressure ranging from 910 to 970 mbar 
        and maximum sustained winds ranging from 90 to 150 mph as it tracked 
        from open ocean to land to open ocean again. The model result shows 
        the Maximum of the Maximum Envelope of High Water (MEOW), or MOM, 
        providing a worst-case snapshot for a particular storm category under 
        "perfect" storm conditions.
        
        Data produced in 2014 by Dr. Charles "Chip" Fletcher of the department 
        of Geology & Geophysics (G&G) (1) and Dr. Kwok Fai Cheung of the 
        department of Ocean and Resources Engineering (ORE) (2 & 3) in the 
        School of Ocean and Earth Science and Technology (SOEST) of the 
        University of Hawaii at Manoa. Supported in part by the NOAA Coastal 
        Storms Program (CSP) and the University of Hawaii Sea Grant College 
        Program. These data do not consider future changes in coastal 
        geomorphology and natural processes such as erosion, subsidence, or 
        future construction. These data do not specify timing of inundation 
        depths and are not appropriate for conducting detailed spatial 
        analysis. The entire risk associated with the results and performance 
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          Date: 
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              Date: 
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                  2014-09-26
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      Abstract: 
        Multi-hazard inundation around Honolulu, Hawaii resulting from future 
        sea level rise. The study area includes the urban corridor stretching 
        from Honolulu International Airport to Waikiki and Diamond Head along 
        the south shore of Oahu. Shows inundation from the following three 
        hazards:
        
        1) Sea Level Rise Inundation: 1-m Scenario
        
        Coastal flooding due to 1 meter of sea level rise. This scenario was 
        derived using a National Geospatial Agency (NGA)-provided digital 
        elevation model (DEM) based on LiDAR data of the Honolulu area 
        collected in 2009. This "bare earth" DEM (vegetation and structures 
        removed) was used to represent the current topography of the study 
        area. The accuracy of the DEM was validated using a selection of 16 
        Tidal Benchmarks located within the study area. The single value tidal 
        water surface of mean higher high water (MHHW) modeled at the Honolulu 
        tide gauge was used to represent sea level for the purposes of this 
        study. Water levels are shown as they would appear during the highest 
        high tides (excluding wind-driven tides).
        
        2) Tsunami Run-Up Inundation With 1-m Sea Level Rise
        
        Computer model simulation of tsunami run-up inundation including one 
        meter of sea level rise at mean higher high water (MHHW) as its 
        baseline water level. The model simulates maximum inundation based on 
        five major historical tsunamis that have impacted Hawaii: 1) The 1946 
        Aleutian earthquake (8.2 Mw), 2) 1952 Kamchatka earthquake (9.0 Mw), 
        3) 1957 Aleutian earthquake (8.6 Mw), 4) 1960 Chile earthquake (9.5 
        Mw), and 5) the 1964 Alaska earthquake (9.2 Mw).
        
        3) Hurricane Storm Surge Inundation With 1-m Sea Level Rise
        
        Computer model simulation of hurricane storm surge inundation 
        including one meter of sea level rise at mean higher high water (MHHW) 
        as its baseline water level. The model simulates a Category 4 
        hurricane, similar to Hurricane Iniki which devastated the island of 
        Kauai in 1992, with a central pressure ranging from 910 to 970 mbar 
        and maximum sustained winds ranging from 90 to 150 mph as it tracked 
        from open ocean to land to open ocean again. The model result shows 
        the Maximum of the Maximum Envelope of High Water (MEOW), or MOM, 
        providing a worst-case snapshot for a particular storm category under 
        "perfect" storm conditions.
        
        Data produced in 2014 by Dr. Charles "Chip" Fletcher of the department 
        of Geology & Geophysics (G&G) (1) and Dr. Kwok Fai Cheung of the 
        department of Ocean and Resources Engineering (ORE) (2 & 3) in the 
        School of Ocean and Earth Science and Technology (SOEST) of the 
        University of Hawaii at Manoa. Supported in part by the NOAA Coastal 
        Storms Program (CSP) and the University of Hawaii Sea Grant College 
        Program. These data do not consider future changes in coastal 
        geomorphology and natural processes such as erosion, subsidence, or 
        future construction. These data do not specify timing of inundation 
        depths and are not appropriate for conducting detailed spatial 
        analysis. The entire risk associated with the results and performance 
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          Sequence_Identifier: 
            Member_Name: 
              Name: 
                geom
              Attribute_Type: 
                Type_Name: 
                  Name: 
                    gml:MultiSurfacePropertyType
          Descriptor: 
      Dimension: 
        Band: 
          Sequence_Identifier: 
            Member_Name: 
              Name: 
                gm_layer
              Attribute_Type: 
                Type_Name: 
                  Name: 
                    string
          Descriptor: 
      Dimension: 
        Band: 
          Sequence_Identifier: 
            Member_Name: 
              Name: 
                gm_type
              Attribute_Type: 
                Type_Name: 
                  Name: 
                    string
          Descriptor: 
      Dimension: 
        Band: 
          Sequence_Identifier: 
            Member_Name: 
              Name: 
                inundation
              Attribute_Type: 
                Type_Name: 
                  Name: 
                    string
          Descriptor: 
      Dimension: 
        Band: 
          Sequence_Identifier: 
            Member_Name: 
              Name: 
                layer
              Attribute_Type: 
                Type_Name: 
                  Name: 
                    string
          Descriptor: 
  Distribution_Information: 
    Distribution: 
      Distributor: 
        Distributor: 
          Distributor_Contact: 
            Responsible_Party: 
              Individual_Name: 
              Organisation_Name: 
                Pacific Islands Ocean Observing System (PacIOOS)
              Contact_Information: 
                Contact: 
                  Address: 
                    Address: 
                      Electronic_Mail_Address: 
                        info@pacioos.org
                  Online_Resource: 
                    Online_Resource: 
                      Linkage: 
                        URL: 
                          http://pacioos.org
                      Protocol: 
                        http
                      Application_Profile: 
                        web browser
                      Function: 
                        OnLine_Function_Code: 
                          information
              Role: 
                Role_Code: 
                  publisher
          Distributor_Transfer_Options: 
            Digital_Transfer_Options: 
              Online: 
                Online_Resource: 
                  Linkage: 
                    URL: 
                      http://geo.pacioos.hawaii.edu/geoserver/
                  Protocol: 
                    http
                  Name: 
                    GeoServer
                  Description: 
                    This URL provides access to this dataset via GeoServer, 
                    which offers multiple output formats and an OpenLayers 
                    viewer.
                  Function: 
                    OnLine_Function_Code: 
                      download
          Distributor_Transfer_Options: 
            Digital_Transfer_Options: 
              Online: 
                Online_Resource: 
                  Linkage: 
                    URL: 
                      http://geo.pacioos.hawaii.edu/geoexplorer/
                  Protocol: 
                    http
                  Name: 
                    GeoExplorer
                  Description: 
                    This URL provides a viewer for this dataset.
                  Function: 
                    OnLine_Function_Code: 
                      download
          Distributor_Transfer_Options: 
            Digital_Transfer_Options: 
              Online: 
                Online_Resource: 
                  Linkage: 
                    URL: 
                      http://pacioos.org/shoreline/slr-honolulu/
                  Protocol: 
                    http
                  Name: 
                    PacIOOS: Sea Level Rise Inundation Risk: Honolulu
                  Description: 
                    This URL provides a viewer and/or data access for this 
                    dataset.
                  Function: 
                    OnLine_Function_Code: 
                      download
  Data_Quality_Information: 
    Data_Quality: 
      Scope: 
        Scope: 
          Hierarchy_Level: 
            Scope_Code: 
              dataset
      Lineage: 
        Lineage: 
          Statement: 
            2014-09-26T00:00:00Z OGC web services (WMS and WFS) enabled by 
            PacIOOS via GeoServer. Original data from source provider may have 
            been reformatted, reprojected, or adjusted in other ways to 
            optimize these capabilities.
  Metadata_Maintenance: 
    Maintenance_Information: 
      Maintenance_And_Update_Frequency: 
      Maintenance_Note: 
        This record was translated and enhanced from GeoServer OGC Web 
        Services (OWS) using PacIOOS software.