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Near-Real Time Surface Ocean Velocity, Hawaiian Islands, 1km Resolution

Identification Information

Citation:

Citation Information:

Title: Near-Real Time Surface Ocean Velocity, Hawaiian Islands, 1km Resolution

Date:

Date: January 1, 2012
Date Type: creation (CI_DateTypeCode)
Identifier:
Code: hfradar_ushi_1km
Authority: org.pacioos

Responsible Party:

Organization Name: U.S. Integrated Ocean Observing System (IOOS) High Frequency Radar Network (HFRNet)
Contact:

Contact Address:

Email: data.ioos@noaa.gov

Online Resource:

Linkage: https://hfradar.ioos.us
Protocol: http
Function: information (CI_OnLineFunctionCode)
Contact Role: originator (CI_RoleCode)

Responsible Party:

Individual Name: Pierre Flament
Organization Name: University of Hawaii at Manoa
Contact:

Contact Address:

Email: pflament@hawaii.edu

Online Resource:

Linkage: https://www.oceanphysics.org/wiki/index.php?n=Staff.PierreFlament
Protocol: http
Function: information (CI_OnLineFunctionCode)
Contact Role: originator (CI_RoleCode)

Responsible Party:

Organization Name: NOAA National Data Buoy Center (NDBC)
Contact:

Contact Address:

Email: webmaster.ndbc@noaa.gov

Online Resource:

Linkage: https://www.ndbc.noaa.gov
Protocol: http
Function: information (CI_OnLineFunctionCode)
Contact Role: resourceProvider (CI_RoleCode)

Responsible Party:

Organization Name: Pacific Islands Ocean Observing System (PacIOOS)
Contact:

Contact Address:

Email: info@pacioos.org

Online Resource:

Linkage: http://pacioos.org
Protocol: http
Function: information (CI_OnLineFunctionCode)
Contact Role: publisher (CI_RoleCode)
Other Citation Details: Terrill, E. et al., 2006. Data Management and Real-time Distribution in the HF-Radar National Network. Proceedings of the MTS/IEEE Oceans 2006 Conference, Boston MA, September 2006.

Suggested data citation: U.S. Integrated Ocean Observing System (IOOS) High Frequency Radar Network (HFRNet), P. Flament, and NOAA National Data Buoy Center (NDBC). 2012, updated 2025. Near-Real Time Surface Ocean Velocity, Hawaiian Islands, 1km Resolution. [Indicate temporal subset used.] Distributed by the Pacific Islands Ocean Observing System (PacIOOS). http://pacioos.org/metadata/hfradar_ushi_1km.html. Accessed [date].

Abstract:

Surface ocean velocities estimated from HF-Radar (HFR) are representative of the upper 0.5 meters of the ocean. The main objective of near-real time processing is to produce the best product from available data at the time of processing. Radial velocity measurements are obtained from individual radar sites through the U.S. HF-Radar Network. Hourly radial data are processed by unweighted least squares on a 1km resolution grid of the Hawaiian Islands to produce near real-time surface current maps.

Purpose:

PacIOOS provides timely, reliable, and accurate ocean information to support a safe, clean, productive ocean and resilient coastal zone in the U.S. Pacific Islands region.

Credit:

The Pacific Islands Ocean Observing System (PacIOOS) is funded through the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) as a Regional Association within the U.S. Integrated Ocean Observing System (IOOS). PacIOOS is coordinated by the University of Hawaii School of Ocean and Earth Science and Technology (SOEST).

Point of Contact:

Responsible Party:

Organization Name: U.S. Integrated Ocean Observing System (IOOS) High Frequency Radar Network (HFRNet)
Contact:

Contact Address:

Email: data.ioos@noaa.gov

Online Resource:

Linkage: https://hfradar.ioos.us
Protocol: http
Function: information (CI_OnLineFunctionCode)
Contact Role: pointOfContact (CI_RoleCode)

Browse Graphic:


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Image File: http://www.pacioos.hawaii.edu/metadata/browse/hfradar_ushi_1km.png

File Description:

Sample image.

Browse Graphic:


View full image

Image File: http://www.pacioos.hawaii.edu/metadata/browse/hfradar_ushi_1km.2.png

File Description:

Photo of instrument site.

Descriptive Keywords:

Keywords:

Keyword Type: theme (MD_KeywordTypeCode)

Keyword: Earth Science Oceans Ocean Circulation Ocean Currents
Keyword: Earth Science Spectral/Engineering Radio Wave

Keyword Thesaurus:

Citation Information:

Title: GCMD Science Keywords

Keywords:

Keyword Type: theme (MD_KeywordTypeCode)

Keyword: In Situ Land-based Platforms Radio Transmitters

Keyword Thesaurus:

Citation Information:

Title: GCMD Platform Keywords

Keywords:

Keyword Type: theme (MD_KeywordTypeCode)

Keyword: Earth Remote Sensing Instruments Active Remote Sensing Profilers/Sounders Radar Sounders SCR-HF Surface Current Radar

Keyword Thesaurus:

Citation Information:

Title: GCMD Instrument Keywords

Keywords:

Keyword Type: place (MD_KeywordTypeCode)

Keyword: Continent North America United States Of America Hawaii
Keyword: Ocean Pacific Ocean Central Pacific Ocean Hawaiian Islands Big Island
Keyword: Ocean Pacific Ocean Central Pacific Ocean Hawaiian Islands Hawaii Island Hilo
Keyword: Ocean Pacific Ocean Central Pacific Ocean Hawaiian Islands Oahu Honolulu
Keyword: Ocean Pacific Ocean Central Pacific Ocean Hawaiian Islands Oahu Waianae

Keyword Thesaurus:

Citation Information:

Title: GCMD Location Keywords

Keywords:

Keyword Type: project (MD_KeywordTypeCode)

Keyword: PacIOOS Pacific Islands Ocean Observing System

Keyword Thesaurus:

Citation Information:

Title: GCMD Project Keywords

Keywords:

Keyword Type: dataCenter (MD_KeywordTypeCode)

Keyword: PacIOOS Pacific Islands Ocean Observing System

Keyword Thesaurus:

Citation Information:

Title: GCMD Data Center Keywords

Keywords:

Keyword Type: theme (MD_KeywordTypeCode)

Keyword: depth
Keyword: latitude
Keyword: longitude
Keyword: surface_eastward_sea_water_velocity
Keyword: surface_northward_sea_water_velocity
Keyword: time

Keyword Thesaurus:

Citation Information:

Title: CF Standard Name Table v39

Aggregation Information:

Aggregate Dataset Name:

Citation Information:

Title: Pacific Islands Ocean Observing System (PacIOOS)

Association Type: largerWorkCitation (DS_AssociationTypeCode)

Initiative Type: project (DS_InitiativeTypeCode)

Aggregation Information:

Aggregate Dataset Identifier:

Code: Grid
Authority: Unidata Common Data Model

Association Type: largerWorkCitation (DS_AssociationTypeCode)

Initiative Type: project (DS_InitiativeTypeCode)

Resource Constraints:

Legal Constraints:

Use Limitation:

The data may be used and redistributed for free but is not intended for navigational or legal use, since it may contain inaccuracies. Neither the data Contributor, University of Hawaii, PacIOOS, NOAA, State of Hawaii nor the United States Government, nor any of their employees or contractors, makes any warranty, express or implied, including warranties of merchantability and fitness for a particular purpose, or assumes any legal liability for the accuracy, completeness, or usefulness, of this information.

Language:

eng

Topic Categories (MD_TopicCategoryCode):

Topic Category: oceans

Extent Information:

Spatial Temporal Extent:

Geographic Element:

Bounding Coordinates:

 
Westbound Longitude: -163.14439°
Eastbound Longitude: -151.9565°
Southbound Latitude: 16.2204°
Northbound Latitude: 24.91688°

Temporal Element:

Time Period:

Description: seconds
Begin Position: June 20, 2025
End Position: January 14, 2026

Vertical Element:

Minimum Value: -0.30000 m
Maximum Value: -0.30000 m
Coordinate Reference System (CRS): missing

Services:

Service Identification:

Identifier: OPeNDAP

Service Type: THREDDS OPeNDAP

Contains Operation:

Operation Name: OPeNDAP Client Access

Online Resource:

Linkage: https://pae-paha.pacioos.hawaii.edu/thredds/dodsC/hfradar_ushi_1km
Name: OPeNDAP
Protocol: OPeNDAP:OPeNDAP
Description: THREDDS OPeNDAP
Function: download (CI_OnLineFunctionCode)

Services:

Service Identification:

Identifier: OGC-WCS

Service Type: Open Geospatial Consortium Web Coverage Service (WCS)

Contains Operation:

Operation Name: GetCapabilities

Online Resource:

Linkage: https://pae-paha.pacioos.hawaii.edu/thredds/wcs/hfradar_ushi_1km?service=WCS&version=1.0.0&request=GetCapabilities
Name: OGC-WCS
Protocol: OGC:WCS
Description: Open Geospatial Consortium Web Coverage Service (WCS)
Function: download (CI_OnLineFunctionCode)

Services:

Service Identification:

Identifier: OGC-WMS

Service Type: Open Geospatial Consortium Web Map Service (WMS)

Contains Operation:

Operation Name: GetCapabilities

Online Resource:

Linkage: https://pae-paha.pacioos.hawaii.edu/thredds/wms/hfradar_ushi_1km?service=WMS&version=1.3.0&request=GetCapabilities
Name: OGC-WMS
Protocol: OGC:WMS
Description: Open Geospatial Consortium Web Map Service (WMS)
Function: download (CI_OnLineFunctionCode)

Services:

Service Identification:

Identifier: THREDDS_NetCDF_Subset

Service Type: THREDDS NetCDF Subset Service

Contains Operation:

Operation Name: NetCDFSubsetService

Online Resource:

Linkage: https://pae-paha.pacioos.hawaii.edu/thredds/ncss/hfradar_ushi_1km/dataset.html
Name: THREDDS_NetCDF_Subset
Protocol: UNIDATA:NCSS
Description: THREDDS NetCDF Subset Service
Function: download (CI_OnLineFunctionCode)

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Data Quality Information

Scope:

dataset

Lineage:

Statement:

2009-07-08T00:00:00Z UH/SOEST (P. Flament) deployed HFR array at Koko Head, Oahu (KOK): 21.2608, -157.7028.
2009-12-11T00:00:00Z UH/SOEST (P. Flament) deployed HFR array at Kakaako (Waikiki), Oahu (KAK): 21.2918, -157.8631.
2010-07-28T22:00:00Z IOOS HFRNet (CORDC/UCSD) begins generating Hawaii surface currents from radial velocities.
2010-09-08T06:45:00Z UH/SOEST (P. Flament) deployed HFR array at Kalaeloa (Barbers Point), Oahu (KAL): 21.2975, -158.0836.
2013-03-26T22:30:00Z UH/SOEST (P. Flament) deployed HFR array at Kaena Point, Oahu (KNA): 21.5749, -158.2819.
2013-12-17T06:40:00Z UH/SOEST (P. Flament) deployed HFR array at Keaukaha, Hawaii Island (KKH): 19.7320, -155.0480.
2015-05-05T07:00:00Z UH/SOEST (P. Flament) deployed HFR array at Pepeekeo, Hawaii Island (PPK): 19.8472, -155.0828.
2015-09-14T19:00:00Z UH/SOEST (P. Flament) deployed HFR array at Kapolei, Oahu (KAP): 21.3114, -158.1169.
2020-06-16T00:00:00Z Exclude invalid Kaena Point, Oahu (KNA) data prior to 2019-11-30T16:00:00Z.
2021-04-19T06:19:00Z To comply with new ITU rules and frequency allocations, changed KAK range resolution from 600 m to 750 m (250 kHz to 200 kHz) and PPK from 666 m to 750 m (224 kHz to 200 kHz). Changed KAL, KOK, and KNA frequency to 16.150 MHz with 100 kHz bandwidth (1.5 km), which does not impact their range or resolution.
2025-08-22T18:00:00Z Technical support and data distribution for the HFRNet has migrated from the Coastal Observing Research and Development Center (CORDC) of Scripps Institution of Oceanography (SIO) at the University of California San Diego (UCSD) to the U.S. Integrated Ocean Observng System (IOOS) and the NOAA National Data Buoy Center (NDBC). Dataset id changed from HFRADAR_USHI_hourly_RTV_1km to hfradar_ushi_1km. All links have been updated accordingly.
2025-09-30T22:00:00Z Data being re-distributed via PacIOOS THREDDS Data Server (TDS) to enable Web Map Service (WMS) via TDS/ncWMS, which is not functional using NOAA/NDBC TDS.

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Spatial Representation Information

Number Of Dimensions:

4

Axis Dimension Properties:

Dimension:

Dimension Name: column (MD_DimensionNameTypeCode)
Dimension Size: 1204
Resolution: 0.00929 degrees_east

Dimension:

Dimension Name: row (MD_DimensionNameTypeCode)
Dimension Size: 963
Resolution: 0.00903 degrees_north

Dimension:

Dimension Name: vertical (MD_DimensionNameTypeCode)
Resolution: 0.0 m

Dimension:

Dimension Name: temporal (MD_DimensionNameTypeCode)
Dimension Size: 4857
Resolution: 3692.0 seconds

Cell Geometry:

area (MD_CellGeometryCode)

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Content Information

Coverage Description:

Dimensions:

Dimension:

Attribute Name: wgs84
Attribute Type: int
Descriptor:

grid mapping

Dimension:

Attribute Name: number_of_radials
Attribute Type: short
Units: count
Descriptor:

number of contributing radials. Number of radials contributing to the total solution

Dimension:

Attribute Name: u
Attribute Type: float
Units: m s-1
Descriptor:

eastward sea surface velocity (surface_eastward_sea_water_velocity)

Dimension:

Attribute Name: v
Attribute Type: float
Units: m s-1
Descriptor:

northward sea surface velocity (surface_northward_sea_water_velocity)

Dimension:

Attribute Name: dopy
Attribute Type: float
Descriptor:

latitudinal dilution of precision. The latitudinal dilution of precision (dopy) represents the contribution of radial geometry to uncertainty in the northward velocity estimate (v).

Dimension:

Attribute Name: dopx
Attribute Type: float
Descriptor:

longitudinal dilution of precision. The longitudinal dilution of precision (dopx) represents the contribution of radial geometry to uncertainty in the eastward velocity estimate (u).

Dimension:

Attribute Name: hdop
Attribute Type: float
Descriptor:

horizontal dilution of precision. The horizontal dilution of precision (hdop) is the vector length (magnitude) of the eastward (dopx) and northward (dopy) dilution of precision. It represents the contribution of radial geometry to the overall uncertainty in the total velocity (u and v) estimate.

Dimension:

Attribute Name: number_of_sites
Attribute Type: byte
Units: count
Descriptor:

number of contributing radars. Number of radars contributing radials to the total solution

Dimension:

Attribute Name: depth
Attribute Type: float
Units: m
Descriptor:

depth (depth). Nominal depth (and corresponding bounds) based on contributing radars

Dimension:

Attribute Name: lon
Attribute Type: float
Units: degrees_east
Descriptor:

longitude (longitude)

Dimension:

Attribute Name: lat
Attribute Type: float
Units: degrees_north
Descriptor:

latitude (latitude)

Dimension:

Attribute Name: time
Attribute Type: int
Units: seconds since 1970-01-01
Descriptor:

time (time)

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Distribution Information

Distributor:

Distributor Contact:

Responsible Party:

Organization Name: Pacific Islands Ocean Observing System (PacIOOS)
Contact:

Contact Address:

Email: info@pacioos.org

Online Resource:

Linkage: http://pacioos.org
Protocol: http
Function: information (CI_OnLineFunctionCode)
Contact Role: publisher (CI_RoleCode)

Distributor Formats:

Name: OPeNDAP
Version: DAP/2.0

Distributor Transfer Options:

Online Resource:

Linkage: https://pae-paha.pacioos.hawaii.edu/thredds/hfr.html?dataset=hfradar_ushi_1km
Name: THREDDS Catalog
Protocol: UNIDATA:THREDDS
Description: This URL provides a catalog page for this dataset within THREDDS Data Server (TDS).
Function: download (CI_OnLineFunctionCode)

Online Resource:

Linkage: https://pae-paha.pacioos.hawaii.edu/thredds/dodsC/hfradar_ushi_1km.html
Name: File Information
Protocol: http
Description: This URL provides a standard OPeNDAP html interface for selecting data from this dataset. Change the extension to .info for a description of the dataset.
Function: download (CI_OnLineFunctionCode)

Online Resource:

Linkage: http://pacioos.org/voyager/index.html?b=20.838278%2C-158.535461%2C21.460737%2C-157.364731&t=h&o=hfr:2,hfr:1:kts:d1s2
Name: PacIOOS Voyager (Google Maps API)
Protocol: http
Description: This URL provides a viewer and/or data access for this dataset.
Function: download (CI_PresentationFormCode)

Online Resource:

Linkage: http://pacioos.org/currents-category/obs/
Name: PacIOOS website
Protocol: http
Description: This URL provides a viewer and/or data access for this dataset.
Function: download (CI_PresentationFormCode)

Online Resource:

Linkage: https://pae-paha.pacioos.hawaii.edu/erddap/griddap/hfradar_ushi_1km
Name: ERDDAP
Protocol: ERDDAP:griddap
Description: This URL provides a viewer and/or data access for this dataset.
Function: download (CI_PresentationFormCode)

Online Resource:

Linkage: https://hfradar.ioos.us/hfrnet/
Name: IOOS HFRNet Surface Current Mapping
Protocol: http
Description: This URL provides a viewer and/or data access for this dataset.
Function: download (CI_PresentationFormCode)

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Metadata Reference Information

File Identifier:

http://pacioos.org/metadata/iso/hfradar_ushi_1km.xml

Language:

eng

Character Set:

UTF8 (MD_CharacterSetCode)

Hierarchy Level:

dataset (MD_ScopeCode)

Hierarchy Level:

service (MD_ScopeCode)

Contact:

Responsible Party:

Organization Name: U.S. Integrated Ocean Observing System (IOOS) High Frequency Radar Network (HFRNet)
Contact:

Contact Address:

Email: data.ioos@noaa.gov

Online Resource:

Linkage: https://hfradar.ioos.us
Protocol: http
Function: information (CI_OnLineFunctionCode)
Contact Role: pointOfContact (CI_RoleCode)

Date Stamp:

January 14, 2026

Metadata Maintenance Information:

Maintenance And Update Frequency: unknown

Maintenance Note:

This record was translated from NcML using UnidataDD2MI.xsl Version 2.3.

Metadata Standard Name:

ISO 19115-2 Geographic Information - Metadata Part 2 Extensions for imagery and gridded data

Metadata Standard Version:

ISO 19115-2:2009(E)

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Metadata Views

ISO Text-Only

International Organization for Standardization (ISO) in plain text

ISO XML

International Organization for Standardization (ISO) in Extensible Markup Language (XML)