Citation:

Citation Information:

Title: Near-Real Time Surface Ocean Velocity, Hawaiian Islands, 6km Resolution

Date:

Date: January 1, 2012
Date Type: creation (CI_DateTypeCode)

Identifier:

Code: hfradar_ushi_6km
Authority: us.ioos.hfradar

Responsible Party:

Organization Name: U.S. Integrated Ocean Observing System (IOOS) High Frequency Radar Network (HFRNet)
Contact:

Contact Address:

Email: data.ioos@noaa.gov

Online Resource:

Linkage: https://hfradar.ioos.us
Protocol: http
Function: information (CI_OnLineFunctionCode)

Online Resource:

Linkage: https://ror.org/01yvark48
Name: Research Organization Registry (ROR) Identifier
Protocol: http
Function: information (CI_OnLineFunctionCode)

Contact Role: originator (CI_RoleCode)

Responsible Party:

Individual Name: Pierre Flament
Organization Name: University of Hawaii at Manoa
Contact:

Contact Address:

Email: pflament@hawaii.edu

Online Resource:

Linkage: https://www.oceanphysics.org/wiki/index.php?n=Staff.PierreFlament
Protocol: http
Function: information (CI_OnLineFunctionCode)

Online Resource:

Linkage: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3259-4619
Name: Open Researcher and Contributor ID (ORCID) Identifier
Protocol: http
Function: information (CI_OnLineFunctionCode)

Online Resource:

Linkage: https://ror.org/01wspgy28
Name: Research Organization Registry (ROR) Identifier
Protocol: http
Function: information (CI_OnLineFunctionCode)

Contact Role: originator (CI_RoleCode)

Responsible Party:

Organization Name: Pacific Islands Ocean Observing System (PacIOOS)
Contact:

Contact Address:

Email: info@pacioos.org

Online Resource:

Linkage: http://pacioos.org
Protocol: http
Function: information (CI_OnLineFunctionCode)

Online Resource:

Linkage: https://ror.org/04j9xr266
Name: Research Organization Registry (ROR) Identifier
Protocol: http
Function: information (CI_OnLineFunctionCode)

Contact Role: resourceProvider (CI_RoleCode)

Responsible Party:

Organization Name: NOAA National Data Buoy Center (NDBC)
Contact:

Contact Address:

Email: webmaster.ndbc@noaa.gov

Online Resource:

Linkage: https://www.ndbc.noaa.gov
Protocol: http
Function: information (CI_OnLineFunctionCode)

Online Resource:

Linkage: https://ror.org/02qy3wv98
Name: Research Organization Registry (ROR) Identifier
Protocol: http
Function: information (CI_OnLineFunctionCode)

Contact Role: publisher (CI_RoleCode)

Suggested data citation: U.S. Integrated Ocean Observing System (IOOS) High Frequency Radar Network (HFRNet), P. Flament, and Pacific Islands Ocean Observing System (PacIOOS). 2012, updated 2025. Near-Real Time Surface Ocean Velocity, Hawaiian Islands, 6km Resolution. [Indicate temporal subset used.] Distributed by the NOAA National Data Buoy Center (NDBC). http://pacioos.org/metadata/hfradar_ushi_6km.html. Accessed [date].

Abstract:

Surface ocean velocities estimated from HF-Radar (HFR) are representative of the upper 2.4 meters of the ocean. The main objective of near-real time processing is to produce the best product from available data at the time of processing. Radial velocity measurements are obtained from individual radar sites through the U.S. HF-Radar Network. Hourly radial data are processed by unweighted least squares on a 6km resolution grid of the Hawaiian Islands to produce near real-time surface current maps for the most recent 90 days.

Point of Contact:

Responsible Party:

Organization Name: U.S. Integrated Ocean Observing System (IOOS) High Frequency Radar Network (HFRNet)
Contact:

Contact Address:

Email: data.ioos@noaa.gov

Online Resource:

Linkage: https://hfradar.ioos.us
Protocol: http
Function: information (CI_OnLineFunctionCode)

Online Resource:

Linkage: https://ror.org/01yvark48
Name: Research Organization Registry (ROR) Identifier
Protocol: http
Function: information (CI_OnLineFunctionCode)

Contact Role: pointOfContact (CI_RoleCode)

Browse Graphic:

View full image

Image File: http://www.pacioos.hawaii.edu/metadata/browse/hfradar_ushi_6km.png

File Description:

Sample image.

Browse Graphic:

View full image

Image File: http://www.pacioos.hawaii.edu/metadata/browse/hfradar_ushi_6km.2.png

File Description:

Photo of one of the instrument sites. Credit: PacIOOS/Fiona Langenberger.

Descriptive Keywords:

Keywords:

Keyword Type: theme (MD_KeywordTypeCode)

Keyword: Earth Science Oceans Ocean Circulation Ocean Currents
Keyword: Earth Science Spectral/Engineering Radio Wave

Keyword Thesaurus:

Citation Information:

Title: GCMD Science Keywords

Keywords:

Keyword Type: theme (MD_KeywordTypeCode)

Keyword: In Situ Land-based Platforms Radio Transmitters

Keyword Thesaurus:

Citation Information:

Title: GCMD Platform Keywords

Keywords:

Keyword Type: theme (MD_KeywordTypeCode)

Keyword: Earth Remote Sensing Instruments Active Remote Sensing Profilers/Sounders Radar Sounders SCR-HF Surface Current Radar

Keyword Thesaurus:

Citation Information:

Title: GCMD Instrument Keywords

Keywords:

Keyword Type: place (MD_KeywordTypeCode)

Keyword: Continent North America United States Of America Hawaii
Keyword: Ocean Pacific Ocean Central Pacific Ocean Hawaiian Islands Big Island
Keyword: Ocean Pacific Ocean Central Pacific Ocean Hawaiian Islands Hawaii Island Hilo
Keyword: Ocean Pacific Ocean Central Pacific Ocean Hawaiian Islands Oahu Honolulu
Keyword: Ocean Pacific Ocean Central Pacific Ocean Hawaiian Islands Oahu Waianae

Keyword Thesaurus:

Citation Information:

Title: GCMD Location Keywords

Keywords:

Keyword Type: project (MD_KeywordTypeCode)

Keyword: PacIOOS Pacific Islands Ocean Observing System

Keyword Thesaurus:

Citation Information:

Title: GCMD Project Keywords

Keywords:

Keyword Type: dataCenter (MD_KeywordTypeCode)

Keyword: PacIOOS Pacific Islands Ocean Observing System

Keyword Thesaurus:

Citation Information:

Title: GCMD Data Center Keywords

Keywords:

Keyword Type: theme (MD_KeywordTypeCode)

Keyword: depth
Keyword: latitude
Keyword: longitude
Keyword: surface_eastward_sea_water_velocity
Keyword: surface_northward_sea_water_velocity
Keyword: time

Keyword Thesaurus:

Citation Information:

Title: CF Standard Name Table v39

Language:

eng

Topic Categories (MD_TopicCategoryCode):

Topic Category: oceans

Extent Information:

Spatial Temporal Extent:

Geographic Element:

Bounding Coordinates:

 

Westbound Longitude: -163.14439°
Eastbound Longitude: -151.95649°
Southbound Latitude: 16.22039°
Northbound Latitude: 24.91687°

Temporal Element:

Time Period:

Description: seconds
Begin Position: June 14, 2026
End Position: now

Services:

Service Identification:

Identifier: OPeNDAP

Service Type: THREDDS OPeNDAP

Contains Operation:

Operation Name: OPeNDAP Client Access

Online Resource:

Linkage: https://dods.ndbc.noaa.gov/thredds/dodsC/hfradar_ushi_6km
Name: OPeNDAP
Protocol: OPeNDAP:OPeNDAP
Description: THREDDS OPeNDAP
Function: download (CI_OnLineFunctionCode)

Services:

Service Identification:

Identifier: OGC-WCS

Service Type: Open Geospatial Consortium Web Coverage Service (WCS)

Contains Operation:

Operation Name: GetCapabilities

Online Resource:

Linkage: https://dods.ndbc.noaa.gov/thredds/wcs/hfradar_ushi_6km?service=WCS&version=1.0.0&request=GetCapabilities
Name: OGC-WCS
Protocol: OGC:WCS
Description: Open Geospatial Consortium Web Coverage Service (WCS)
Function: download (CI_OnLineFunctionCode)

Services:

Service Identification:

Identifier: THREDDS_NetCDF_Subset

Service Type: THREDDS NetCDF Subset Service

Contains Operation:

Operation Name: NetCDFSubsetService

Online Resource:

Linkage: https://dods.ndbc.noaa.gov/thredds/ncss/grid/hfradar_ushi_6km/dataset.html
Name: THREDDS_NetCDF_Subset
Protocol: UNIDATA:NCSS
Description: THREDDS NetCDF Subset Service
Function: download (CI_OnLineFunctionCode)

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Scope:

dataset

Lineage:

Statement:

2009-07-08T00:00:00Z UH/SOEST (P. Flament) deployed HFR array at Koko Head, Oahu (KOK): 21.2608, -157.7028.
2009-12-11T00:00:00Z UH/SOEST (P. Flament) deployed HFR array at Kakaako (Waikiki), Oahu (KAK): 21.2918, -157.8631.
2010-07-28T22:00:00Z IOOS HFRNet (CORDC/UCSD) begins generating Hawaii surface currents from radial velocities.
2010-09-08T06:45:00Z UH/SOEST (P. Flament) deployed HFR array at Kalaeloa (Barbers Point), Oahu (KAL): 21.2975, -158.0836.
2013-03-26T22:30:00Z UH/SOEST (P. Flament) deployed HFR array at Kaena Point, Oahu (KNA): 21.5749, -158.2819.
2013-12-17T06:40:00Z UH/SOEST (P. Flament) deployed HFR array at Keaukaha, Hawaii Island (KKH): 19.7320, -155.0480.
2015-05-05T07:00:00Z UH/SOEST (P. Flament) deployed HFR array at Pepeekeo, Hawaii Island (PPK): 19.8472, -155.0828.
2015-09-14T19:00:00Z UH/SOEST (P. Flament) deployed HFR array at Kapolei, Oahu (KAP): 21.3114, -158.1169.
2020-06-16T00:00:00Z Exclude invalid Kaena Point, Oahu (KNA) data prior to 2019-11-30T16:00:00Z.
2021-04-19T06:19:00Z To comply with new ITU rules and frequency allocations, changed KAK range resolution from 600 m to 750 m (250 kHz to 200 kHz) and PPK from 666 m to 750 m (224 kHz to 200 kHz). Changed KAL, KOK, and KNA frequency to 16.150 MHz with 100 kHz bandwidth (1.5 km), which does not impact their range or resolution.
2025-08-22T18:00:00Z Technical support and data distribution for the HFRNet has migrated from the Coastal Observing Research and Development Center (CORDC) of Scripps Institution of Oceanography (SIO) at the University of California San Diego (UCSD) to the U.S. Integrated Ocean Observng System (IOOS) and the NOAA National Data Buoy Center (NDBC). Dataset id changed from HFRADAR_USHI_hourly_RTV_6km to hfradar_ushi_6km. All links have been updated accordingly. WMS is no longer supported. Rather than the entire time series, only the most recent 90 days are aggregated; historical data are now archived separately at NCEI.

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Number Of Dimensions:

3

Axis Dimension Properties:

Dimension:

Dimension Name: column (MD_DimensionNameTypeCode)
Resolution: 0.05579 degrees_east

Dimension:

Dimension Name: row (MD_DimensionNameTypeCode)
Resolution: 0.05424 degrees_north

Dimension:

Dimension Name: temporal (MD_DimensionNameTypeCode)
Resolution: 60.0 minutes

Cell Geometry:

area (MD_CellGeometryCode)

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Coverage Description:

Dimensions:

• depth
• depth_bnds
• dopx
• dopy
• hdop
• lat
• lon
• number_of_radials
• number_of_sites
• processing_parameters
• prod_mon
• radial_metadata
• time
• time_bnds
• u
• v
• wgs84

Dimension:

Attribute Name: lat
Attribute Type: float
Units: degrees_north
Descriptor:

latitude (latitude)

Dimension:

Attribute Name: lon
Attribute Type: float
Units: degrees_east
Descriptor:

longitude (longitude)

Dimension:

Attribute Name: depth
Attribute Type: float
Units: m
Descriptor:

depth (depth)

Dimension:

Attribute Name: depth_bnds
Attribute Type: float
Units: m
Descriptor:

depth bounds

Dimension:

Attribute Name: wgs84
Attribute Type: byte
Descriptor:

grid mapping

Dimension:

Attribute Name: processing_parameters
Attribute Type: byte
Descriptor:

Methods and parameters used to compute total solutions

Dimension:

Attribute Name: radial_metadata
Attribute Type: byte
Descriptor:

Metadata on radial velocities used to compute total solutions

Dimension:

Attribute Name: prod_mon
Attribute Type: int
Units: count
Descriptor:

Total (actual) number of retrievals

Dimension:

Attribute Name: time
Attribute Type: int
Units: seconds since 1970-01-01
Descriptor:

time (time)

Dimension:

Attribute Name: time_bnds
Attribute Type: int
Units: seconds since 1970-01-01
Descriptor:

time bounds

Dimension:

Attribute Name: u
Attribute Type: float
Units: m s-1
Descriptor:

eastward sea surface velocity (surface_eastward_sea_water_velocity)

Dimension:

Attribute Name: v
Attribute Type: float
Units: m s-1
Descriptor:

northward sea surface velocity (surface_northward_sea_water_velocity)

Dimension:

Attribute Name: dopx
Attribute Type: float
Descriptor:

longitudinal dilution of precision

Dimension:

Attribute Name: dopy
Attribute Type: float
Descriptor:

latitudinal dilution of precision

Dimension:

Attribute Name: hdop
Attribute Type: float
Descriptor:

horizontal dilution of precision

Dimension:

Attribute Name: number_of_sites
Attribute Type: int
Units: count
Descriptor:

number of contributing radars

Dimension:

Attribute Name: number_of_radials
Attribute Type: int
Units: count
Descriptor:

number of contributing radials

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Distributor:

Distributor Contact:

Responsible Party:

Organization Name: U.S. Integrated Ocean Observing System (IOOS) High Frequency Radar Network (HFRNet)
Contact:

Contact Address:

Email: data.ioos@noaa.gov

Online Resource:

Linkage: https://hfradar.ioos.us
Protocol: http
Function: information (CI_OnLineFunctionCode)

Online Resource:

Linkage: https://ror.org/01yvark48
Name: Research Organization Registry (ROR) Identifier
Protocol: http
Function: information (CI_OnLineFunctionCode)

Contact Role: originator (CI_RoleCode)

Distributor Formats:

Name: OPeNDAP
Version: unknown

Distributor Transfer Options:

Online Resource:

Linkage: https://dods.ndbc.noaa.gov/thredds/catalog/hfradar.html?dataset=hfradar_ushi_6km
Name: THREDDS Catalog
Protocol: UNIDATA:THREDDS
Description: This URL provides a catalog page for this dataset within THREDDS Data Server (TDS).
Function: download (CI_OnLineFunctionCode)

Online Resource:

Linkage: https://dods.ndbc.noaa.gov/thredds/dodsC/hfradar_ushi_6km.html
Name: File Information
Protocol: http
Description: This URL provides a standard OPeNDAP html interface for selecting data from this dataset. Change the extension to .info for a description of the dataset.
Function: download (CI_OnLineFunctionCode)

Online Resource:

Linkage: https://pae-paha.pacioos.hawaii.edu/erddap/griddap/hfradar_ushi_6km
Name: ERDDAP
Protocol: ERDDAP:griddap
Description: This URL provides a viewer and/or data access for this dataset.
Function: download (CI_PresentationFormCode)

Online Resource:

Linkage: https://hfradar.ioos.us/hfrnet/
Name: IOOS HFRNet Surface Current Mapping
Protocol: http
Description: This URL provides a viewer for this dataset.
Function: download (CI_PresentationFormCode)

Online Resource:

Linkage: https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/metadata/landing-page/bin/iso?id=gov.noaa.nodc:IOOS-HFRadarRTVector
Name: NOAA/NCEI HF-Radar RTV Vector Archive
Protocol: http
Description: This URL provides data access to historical archives for this dataset.
Function: download (CI_PresentationFormCode)

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File Identifier:

http://pacioos.org/metadata/iso/hfradar_ushi_6km.xml

Language:

eng

Character Set:

UTF8 (MD_CharacterSetCode)

Hierarchy Level:

dataset (MD_ScopeCode)

Contact:

Responsible Party:

Organization Name: U.S. Integrated Ocean Observing System (IOOS) High Frequency Radar Network (HFRNet)
Contact:

Contact Address:

Email: data.ioos@noaa.gov

Online Resource:

Linkage: https://hfradar.ioos.us
Protocol: http
Function: information (CI_OnLineFunctionCode)

Online Resource:

Linkage: https://ror.org/01yvark48
Name: Research Organization Registry (ROR) Identifier
Protocol: http
Function: information (CI_OnLineFunctionCode)

Contact Role: pointOfContact (CI_RoleCode)

Date Stamp:

September 14, 2026

Metadata Maintenance Information:

Maintenance And Update Frequency: unknown

Maintenance Note:

This record was translated from NcML using UnidataDD2MI.xsl Version 2.3 and manually edited for completeness.

Metadata Standard Name:

ISO 19115-2 Geographic Information - Metadata Part 2 Extensions for imagery and gridded data

Metadata Standard Version:

ISO 19115-2:2009(E)

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